Recently the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) has announced that “it will launch a ‘Venus mission’ by 2024.” Along with this, the planet’s surface process (Stratigraphy) will be investigated. Because no observation of the surface of Venus has been done so far. Along with this, the composition, composition and dynamics of Venus’s atmosphere by this mission will also be studied.
The mission will also help to understand how Earth-like planets move and function, as well as the conditions for life on Earth-sized exoplanets (planets orbiting a star other than our Sun). The mission will also help in modeling Earth’s climate and serve as a reminder of how dramatically a planet’s climate can change.
The planet Venus is named after ‘Venus’, the Roman goddess of love and beauty. It is the second largest planet in terms of distance from the Sun and the sixth largest in mass and size. Venus is the brightest object visible in the night sky after the Moon.
But unlike the other planets in the Solar System, Venus and Uranus rotate clockwise on their axis. The speed of rotation of Venus is very slow. One day on this planet is much longer than on Earth. It is also believed that the reason for the rotation of this planet in the opposite direction is that once another big space body collided with this planet, as a result the direction of rotation of this planet changed.
In addition, Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system due to its high concentration of carbon dioxide, which produces an intense greenhouse effect. Venus is also called Earth’s twin sister due to its mass, size, density and its special position in the solar system.
It is also believed that earlier there were two planets in our solar system where life was likely to flourish. One of them was Earth and the other was Venus. And like our Earth, there was enough water on the planet Venus. But it is the misfortune of the planet Venus that it became closer to the Sun, as a result, due to the heat of the Sun, all the water of this planet evaporated and this planet turned into hell. Today the atmospheric pressure of Venus is 90 times greater than that of Earth. Astrophysicists believe that “by studying the past of Venus, we can understand the future of Earth.”
But mission to Venus is not easy because Venus presents extremely difficult challenges compared to Mars due to extreme temperature and extreme pressure. To understand any planet deeply, instruments need to be taken deep through the atmosphere and no instrument can stay on this planet for long.
The instruments ISRO has planned to use for this mission. Among them is a high resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), which will probe the surface of Venus despite the clouds (which reduce visibility) around the planet. It refers to a technique for producing high-resolution images. Because of the accuracy the radar can penetrate clouds and darkness, which means it can collect data day and night in any weather.
In the past also, efforts have been made by many countries to understand the planet Venus.
The Mariner series, Pioneer Venus 1, Pioneer Venus 2 and Magellan missions were done by America in 1989.
• The Venera series and Vegas missions were done by Russia.
• Japan’s Akatsuki in the year 2015.
• Venus Express was sent by Europe in the year 2005.
Human beings have always been an explorer who has been constantly trying to understand this universe and as a result of this, today our civilization has reached this height of science, today we have black holes, dark matter, life on other planets. Searching. India has today joined the leading countries of the world which are campaigning on other planets.