The Constitution of India
As you may be aware, the Indian Constitution establishes an important framework that defines the organisation of the political system, the powers and duties of government institutions, and the people’s fundamental rights and duties to the country. The primary goal of the constitution is to defend the people’s fundamental rights. The Constituent Assembly of India enacted the constitution on November 26, 1949. Despite the fact that it went into effect on January 26, 1950.
The constitution conveys constitutional primacy rather than parliamentary supremacy since it was drafted by the constituent assembly. The Constitution of India from start to end is made by the Indians solely. It supersedes the Government of India Act of 1935 as the country’s primary governmental document. The constitution of India states the country to be a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic. It guarantees equality, liberty, and justice to all people of our country.
The Constituent Assembly was established in 1946 and was composed of representatives of provincial assemblies. There were 299 people in total. Dr Rajendra Prasad presided over this Assembly. A Drafting Committee was constituted to design the constitution. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, known as the “Father of the Indian Constitution,” presided over the Drafting Committee.
The group spent three years drafting the constitution, meeting eleven times in 165 days. This is because India is a vast nation with so many cultures and religions. The group intended to ensure that they created a constitution that would lead the country to prosperity.
The Indian constitution is the longest in the world. There are two types of articles: classified and uncategorised. This is not the end; there are another 12 schedules and 5 appendices. Even after its passage, the constitution has been revised 104 times, the latest one coming on 25 January 2020.
The Preamble is the constitution’s heart. This is due to the fact that it brilliantly puts forth the country’s essential ideals and what it stands for. It was not originally included in the constitution but was added significantly later. The Preamble advocates for justice, liberty, and equality for all Indians. It wishes to preserve the country’s unity and integrity.
The Preamble declares India to be “sovereign,” which signifies that the country is an autonomous authority that is not subject to any other external force. It also adds that India is ‘secular’ which implies that all the inhabitants have the liberty to exercise their faith. According to the introduction document, India supports social and economic democracy.
It ensures equality of status and opportunity for all Indians. Every citizen, according to the Preamble, must foster harmony and the sense of shared brotherhood. Most significantly, it declares that the country is ‘democratic,’ which implies that residents have the ability to vote for government members.
Every individual is guaranteed six essential rights under the constitution. The right to equality means that every citizen will have equal rights in all areas, regardless of race, caste, religion, or gender. It assures that everyone has equal work possibilities, and residents should not adhere to conventional norms like as untouchability and treat everyone with equal respect.
India is a democratic country with a constitution that guarantees freedom to all Indians. This right forbids child labour and human trafficking, and it specifies that putting children under the age of 14 to work in factories, mines, or under hazardous conditions is absolutely prohibited. This right also specifies that the government has no authority to discriminate against anybody on the basis of caste, religion, gender, or race.
This privilege means that India is a secular country where residents can practise their religion or culture freely. Every religion, culture, and linguistic minority has the right to maintain their legacy and traditions. There is no official religion in the state. The government has no jurisdiction to discriminate against any educational institution just because it is run by a minority group.
This right prevents the government from violating anyone’s rights. If citizens believe that their rights have been violated, they can go to court and seek redress. As you can see, the drafting committee has given close attention to minute matters in order to create a constitution that offers individuals every right imaginable while still making India a powerful country.
The Indian Constitution upholds the ideas of equality, liberty, and fraternity. It instructs the Indians to preach harmony and respect for everybody. The government must ensure that everyone has equal access to opportunity and that everyone receives justice.